कृपया एक विकल्प चुनिए, आपका क्या मानना है किसी व्यक्ति के दिमाग में सबसे पहले क्या विचार आएगा जब उसे पता चलेगा कि उसकी कमाई का जरिया बंद हो गया है ।
- हे भगवान ! अब मैं अपने घर से कैसे हुई मेरे हर महीने के बिल और लोन की इंस्टॉलमेंट कैसे भर पाऊंगा।
- मैं अपनी कमाई का दूसरा जरिया कैसे बनाऊं?
पर ऊपर दिए गए दो विकल्पों में से मैं पहले विकल्प जैसा इंसान नहीं बनना चाहता। जैसा कि आप महसूस कर सकते हैं कि दोनों विकल्पों में समस्या तो एक ही है पर दूसरे विकल्प में इंसान की मानसिक स्थिति बहुत बेहतर है।
अब एक आखिरी सवाल
कृपया यह चुनिए, कि अगर किसी इंसान के घर में आग लग जाए तो उसे तुरंत क्या करना चाहिए?
- पानी से आग बुझानी चाहिए ।
- उस वक्त कुआं का होना चाहिए ताकि कुएं के पानी से आग बुझा सकें ।
जाहिर है यहां कोई भी आम आदमी पहला विकल्प ही चुनेगा।
अब यहां आपको अनुमान लग गया होगा कि मैं आपातकालीन स्थिति में तैयार रहने की तरफ इशारा कर रहा हूं।और इस ब्लॉग में मैं आशिक आर्थिक तैयारी यानी इमरजेंसी फंड के विषय पर कुछ प्रकाश डालने की चेष्टा करूंगा।
अब यहां आपको अनुमान लग गया होगा कि मैं आपातकालीन स्थिति में तैयार रहने की तरफ इशारा कर रहा हूं।और इस ब्लॉग में मैं आशिक आर्थिक तैयारी यानी इमरजेंसी फंड के विषय पर कुछ प्रकाश डालने की चेष्टा करूंगा।
चलिए आगे बढ़ने से पहले हम देखते हैं कि हमें इस ब्लॉग में किन सवालों सवालों के जवाब प्राप्त होंगे।
- इमरजेंसी फंड क्या होता है?
- इमरजेंसी फंड क्यों बनाना चाहिए? इमरजेंसी फंड की जरूरत क्या है?
- इमरजेंसी फंड कैसे बनाएं?
- इमरजेंसी फंड कितना बड़ा होना चाहिए?
- इमरजेंसी फंड का आकार तय करते समय किन बातों का ध्यान रखना चाहिए?
- इमरजेंसी फंड कहां रखना चाहिए?
- इमरजेंसी फंड का इस्तेमाल कब नहीं करना चाहिए?
- इमरजेंसी फंड का इस्तेमाल कब करना चाहिए?
- इमरजेंसी फंड से जुड़ी कुछ अन्य मुख्य बातें।
1. इमरजेंसी फंड क्या होता है?
आसान शब्दों में कहें तो इमरजेंसी फंड वह पैसा है जो आपने केवल आपातकालीन स्थिति से निपटने के लिए ही जमा किया हो जो आपको आसानी से और तुरंत उपलब्ध हो जाए। इमरजेंसी फंड किसी भी व्यक्ति के मजबूत पर्सनल फाइनेंसियल प्लानिंग( व्यक्तिगत वित्तीय योजना) की रीढ़ होती है।
2. इमरजेंसी फंड क्यों बनाना चाहिए? इमरजेंसी फंड की जरूरत क्या है?
- हमने पिछले 12 सालों में दो बहुत बड़ी वैश्विक आर्थिक संकटों का सामना किया है, पहला है सन 2008 की मंदी और दूसरा है सन 2020 की COVID-19 महामारी। हमने इन मुश्किलों से कम से कम एक चीज सीखी है कि हमारे नियंत्रण से बाहर ऐसे बहुत से कारण हैं जो रातोंरात आपकी आर्थिक स्थिति को काफी बदल सकते हैं। इमरजेंसी फंड बनाकर, हम आपात स्थितियों से निपटने के लिए तैयार हो सकते हैं।
- किसी आपात स्थिति के दौरान, हमें क्रेडिट कार्ड लोन, पर्सनल लोन या कोई और उच्च ब्याज दरों वाले उधार विकल्पों को चुनना नहीं पड़ता है जो अनावश्यक आर्थिक तनाव पैदा करते हैं और कभी कभी उधार और ब्याज के चक्रव्यूह में फसने का कारण बन जाते हैं।
- एक इमरजेंसी फंड होने से आपके मन को इस तनाव से मुक्ति मिलती है कि अगर वास्तव में कुछ भयावह हो जाता है, जैसे कि आपकी नौकरी चली जाती है, तो आप अपना जीवन यापन कैसे करेंगे। और आप इस बारे में विचार कर सकते हैं कि इस आपातकालीन स्थिति का सामना कैसे करें।
- यदि आपने अपना इमरजेंसी फंड बना लिया है, तो आपके पास जीवन के बड़े फैसले आसानी से करने की क्षमता भी होगी। आप अपना करियर बदलने बदलना चाहते हो या अपने सपने को पूरा चाहते हो तो उसकी भीयोजना भी बना सकते हैं।
3. इमरजेंसी फंड कैसे बनाएं?
यहां आप 2 तरीकों का इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं
- मासिक योगदान
- सबसे पहले यह निर्धारित कीजिए की आपके इमरजेंसी फंड में कितने पैसे होने चाहिए।
- अब यह निर्धारित कीजिए कि आप हर महीने आपको अपनेे इमरजेंसी फंड में कितना योगदान करने की जरूरत है।
- अब बस हर महीने पैसे बचाकर अपने इमरजेंसी फंड में जमा करने हैं। हर महीने आसानी से पैसे बचाने का 1 तरीका सीखने के लिए यहाँ क्लिक करें ।
- वार्षिक / अनिश्चित योगदान
हर महीने की आय के अलावा और किसी भी आय का उपयोग हम इमरजेंसी फंड में योगदान के लिए सकते हैं।
- बोनस
- टैक्स रिफंड
- अनावश्यक वस्तुओं की बिक्री
4. इमरजेंसी फंड कितना बड़ा होना चाहिए?
Here I slightly agree & slightly disagree with the experts
most financial experts say:
A person’s emergency fund will vary from situation to situation,
A fully stocked emergency fund should hold between three to six months of expenses.
The first point I totally agree that the size of an emergency fund is different for different persons. But for the second part, my experience tells a different story I believe that with the emergency fund one should be able to manage the expenses for a minimum of six months, only to have better peace of mind so that one can focus to tackle the emergency.
5) What are the factors to be considered while deciding the size of an emergency fund?
Stability of career:– If you have an unstable career with low-risk tolerance. You'd probably want to have a large emergency fund. But if you have a stable career with a high-risk tolerance, then you might only need for a few months' worths of expenses on hand.
Difficulty in replacing your existing income:–
o Easy: I could quickly get another job with similar pay.
o Average: I’m well qualified but it may take time to find a new one.
o Difficult: Jobs in my field and salary-level are limited or competitive.
o Very difficult: I lack the right skills for the job market or am in an industry in which it takes a long time to land a new position at comparable pay
No. of income sources:– If a person has a single source of income he might require large emergency funds comparatively to a person having 2 or more sources of income.
6) Where to keep my emergency Funds?
Here I totally disagree with most of the Experts who recommend using liquid funds to keep your emergency fund. To understand the reason behind this disagreement let us first understand the basic requirements of emergency fund instrument:-
i) Money should be immediately available. (high liquidity)
ii) Capital should not be at any market risk. (Low volatility)
Note:- we should select only those instrument which earns maximum interest while fulfilling the above 2 mandatory requirements.
Considering the above 2 mandatory requirements liquid fund is also an option but not the best option as the interest earned in it is more than saving accounts but less than FD. Actually they benchmark the saving bank interest & then say that liquid fund earns more interest so keep your emergency money in a liquid fund. Now why the experts say so? The reason is that in conventional FD doesn’t fulfill the first criteria completely.
But nowadays there are online Flexi Fixed Deposit options in many banks in India that allow you to online open a Flexi Deposit scheme & allow online premature withdrawal also. This flexibility of early withdrawal of Flexi Fixed Deposits allows you to liquidate the investment in the event of any emergency.
Hence the best place to keep your emergency funds are:-
a) Cash at home – 10 ~ 20-day expense.
b) Saving Account – 1-month expense
c) Flexi FD – Rest of the amount.
7) What isn’t an emergency? When you shouldn’t use your emergency fund?
Sometimes we have some unexpected or big expenses so we are tempted to use the emergency fund & we try to convince ourselves with silly logic, so it is important to draw a line between emergencies and everything else for ex. emergency funds should not be used for:-
Occasional, Predictable Expenses like changing of car tires, etc.
One-time Costs like property tax, insurance policy renewal.
Planned purchases like a house, a new car, etc.
8) What is considered an emergency? When you can use your emergency fund?
A situation can be considered an emergency & justify the use of the emergency fund only if It is:-
i) Unexpected
ii) Necessary
iii) Urgent
Here are a few examples of true financial emergencies where it would make sense to use your emergency fund
Job loss
Unexpected medical expenses to maintain your health
Sudden unexpected car breakdown or accident
A sudden unexpected problem with a major system in an owned house such as an air conditioner, roof or electrical system
A family member gets hurt and you need to take time off work to provide necessary care
9) Important Points about emergency funds to keep in mind.
These funds are completely separate from the retirement savings and any investments in the stock market, mutual funds, etc.
In the very starting it does not have to a large, unattainable amount. Build a small emergency fund first.
Prefer the banks which allow partial withdrawal in Flexi FD.
In case of partial withdrawal is not available, never make a single Flexi FD of the total amount decided. with a no. of small amount Flexi FD when you will need to withdraw only a limited amount of money rest of fund will continue to generate interest.
most financial experts say:
A person’s emergency fund will vary from situation to situation,
A fully stocked emergency fund should hold between three to six months of expenses.
The first point I totally agree that the size of an emergency fund is different for different persons. But for the second part, my experience tells a different story I believe that with the emergency fund one should be able to manage the expenses for a minimum of six months, only to have better peace of mind so that one can focus to tackle the emergency.
5) What are the factors to be considered while deciding the size of an emergency fund?
Stability of career:– If you have an unstable career with low-risk tolerance. You'd probably want to have a large emergency fund. But if you have a stable career with a high-risk tolerance, then you might only need for a few months' worths of expenses on hand.
Difficulty in replacing your existing income:–
o Easy: I could quickly get another job with similar pay.
o Average: I’m well qualified but it may take time to find a new one.
o Difficult: Jobs in my field and salary-level are limited or competitive.
o Very difficult: I lack the right skills for the job market or am in an industry in which it takes a long time to land a new position at comparable pay
No. of income sources:– If a person has a single source of income he might require large emergency funds comparatively to a person having 2 or more sources of income.
6) Where to keep my emergency Funds?
Here I totally disagree with most of the Experts who recommend using liquid funds to keep your emergency fund. To understand the reason behind this disagreement let us first understand the basic requirements of emergency fund instrument:-
i) Money should be immediately available. (high liquidity)
ii) Capital should not be at any market risk. (Low volatility)
Note:- we should select only those instrument which earns maximum interest while fulfilling the above 2 mandatory requirements.
Considering the above 2 mandatory requirements liquid fund is also an option but not the best option as the interest earned in it is more than saving accounts but less than FD. Actually they benchmark the saving bank interest & then say that liquid fund earns more interest so keep your emergency money in a liquid fund. Now why the experts say so? The reason is that in conventional FD doesn’t fulfill the first criteria completely.
But nowadays there are online Flexi Fixed Deposit options in many banks in India that allow you to online open a Flexi Deposit scheme & allow online premature withdrawal also. This flexibility of early withdrawal of Flexi Fixed Deposits allows you to liquidate the investment in the event of any emergency.
Hence the best place to keep your emergency funds are:-
a) Cash at home – 10 ~ 20-day expense.
b) Saving Account – 1-month expense
c) Flexi FD – Rest of the amount.
7) What isn’t an emergency? When you shouldn’t use your emergency fund?
Sometimes we have some unexpected or big expenses so we are tempted to use the emergency fund & we try to convince ourselves with silly logic, so it is important to draw a line between emergencies and everything else for ex. emergency funds should not be used for:-
Occasional, Predictable Expenses like changing of car tires, etc.
One-time Costs like property tax, insurance policy renewal.
Planned purchases like a house, a new car, etc.
8) What is considered an emergency? When you can use your emergency fund?
A situation can be considered an emergency & justify the use of the emergency fund only if It is:-
i) Unexpected
ii) Necessary
iii) Urgent
Here are a few examples of true financial emergencies where it would make sense to use your emergency fund
Job loss
Unexpected medical expenses to maintain your health
Sudden unexpected car breakdown or accident
A sudden unexpected problem with a major system in an owned house such as an air conditioner, roof or electrical system
A family member gets hurt and you need to take time off work to provide necessary care
9) Important Points about emergency funds to keep in mind.
These funds are completely separate from the retirement savings and any investments in the stock market, mutual funds, etc.
In the very starting it does not have to a large, unattainable amount. Build a small emergency fund first.
Prefer the banks which allow partial withdrawal in Flexi FD.
In case of partial withdrawal is not available, never make a single Flexi FD of the total amount decided. with a no. of small amount Flexi FD when you will need to withdraw only a limited amount of money rest of fund will continue to generate interest.
0 Comments:
Post a Comment
Please do not enter any spam link in the comment box.